Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No 1

Scientific work

Responsible person for scientific work – Associate Professor Oleksandra Zahorodnya

gyner2007@gmail.com

 

Main directions of scientific work – pathogenesis and prevention of gestational complications – preeclampsia, placental dysfunction, fetal loss syndrome, improvement of laparoscopic surgery techniques.

 

Research topics of the department for 2020-2022 years – «Preservation and restoration of reproductive health of a woman taking into account social and medical consequences».

Reproductive health is an integral component of overall health. The low birth rate, the large number of families with problems with pregnancy, and the reduction in term of preterm birth have put the problem of reproductive health at the national level.

The development and implementation of modern technologies in obstetrics and neonatology have made it possible to significantly reduce the rate of perinatal mortality – if in the beginning of the 21st century it fluctuated within 17-20 ‰, then in 2017 its value was 12.5 12. Mainly, this result was achieved by improving the care of deeply preterm infants. Expectations for the development of measures for the prediction and prevention of preterm birth did not live up to expectations, so in the field of obstetrics, more and more attention is paid to improving the management of preterm birth. Today, 8% to 10% of all pregnancies end prematurely, leading to numerous maternal and perinatal complications.

Particular attention is paid to the increase in the proportion of preterm birth due to severe complications on the part of the mother or fetus, an important role in what is the breakthrough of prenatal diagnosis. Therefore, further study of the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia and placental insufficiency is extremely promising. One such pathogenetic mechanism is the disorder of electrolyte regulation in the first trimester of pregnancy, the scientific evaluation of which will predict the pathophysiological variant of the course of late gestosis.

Another promising way to improve perinatal outcomes in pregnancy is complicated by inadequate fetal growth. Modern views on the management of this nosology suggest premature birth. However, the extension of information on the correlation of instrumental diagnostic criteria and metabolic disorders of the fetus allow prolonging the observation time, which will lead to the fetus reaching the maximum possible gestational maturity.

An important aspect of managing and preventing premature birth is organizational. It is the right choice and continuous improvement of algorithms to assist pregnant women at high risk of preterm delivery or with inevitable preterm delivery, and the involvement of neonatal resuscitators in decision making is a powerful way to improve perinatal outcomes. The modern method of neuroprotection of the preterm fetus – intranasal magnesia therapy has proven effectiveness only in case of strict adherence to dosage and time of administration, so scientific development of the algorithm of its appointment will be of practical importance [4]. The scientific substantiation of extension of indications for abdominal delivery at extremely premature pregnancy is of organizational importance.

The problem of intrauterine infection of the fetus is one of the topical aspects of perinatology. A large proportion of the diagnosed pathologies are caused by viral infection. Pregnant women with a possible infection with viral infections pose a major problem for obstetricians and neonatologists. Although some viruses do not cause great misery during pregnancy, some of them cause serious consequences for pregnancy and can cause the death of the fetus without explanation. Among the viral pathogens that are the most common pathogen involved in fetal death are parvovirus B19. The study of the effects of parvovirus 19 infection is a compelling example of the achievements of modern medicine and molecular biology in the establishment of “new” human diseases.

Somatic health, including normal regulation of endocrine organs, is important for the physiological delivery of pregnancy. Subclinical hypothyroidism is one of the common endocrine disorders that has a latent course and a significant effect on the realization of reproductive function. Improving the tactics of diagnosis and treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism will increase the frequency of onset and successful pregnancy.

The increasing prevalence of laparoscopic interventions in the pelvic organs has led to the problem of maintaining the ovarian reserve when physical factors influence the ovarian tissue. The development and implementation of an effective method of preserving generative tissue during laparoscopic surgery will improve reproductive function and prevent early ovarian exhaustion.

Publishing – for the last 5 years the department has published a textbook for students of medical faculties: «Gynаecology» for students of medical faculties, edited by Ventskivska I.B., Lakatosha V.P., Kushcha V.M., Kyiv – 2018. Аnd

The «Manual of Obstetrics» was issued for students and teachers of medical universities of III – IV levels of accreditation, ed. prof Ventskivska I.B., Lakatosha V.P., Kushcha V.M.,- K; RA «Harmony» 2018, 210 p. –

http://ir.librarynmu.com/handle/123456789/500

A manual «Extreme conditions in obstetrics» was created for doctors – ed. prof. Ventskivskiy B.M. K; RA «Harmony» 2017, 169 p. –

http://ir.librarynmu.com/handle/123456789/497